Friday, 26 July 2013

Stance core game mechanic (movement)

Movement core game mechanic
Movement is a core game mechanic and to narrow that down a little more I will be discussing stances specifically. Stance is the characters position which is usually either standing, crouching or lying down. 

How is it used?
Stances have different benefits depending on the game. In shooters, crouching and lying are usually used as a way to to take cover and hide. Lying down is useful for sniping in most games.
Crouching is often used as a form of "sneaking". If your character needs to sneak up on another player or past an enemy, crouching slowly is effective.
Standing is often the default stance your character is in (it's natural state before changing to another stance by control of the player). In most games, standing allows you to run and jump. 

Title: Arma 3
Creator: Bohemia Interactive

Arma 3 has several different stances that allow you to minimalize the target you present to the enemy without losing the line of fire. Using this system, you can often make use of oddly sized objects as cover, such as small rocks, or walls slightly taller than the crouching pose. Such objects will often save your life if you utilize them properly. Arma 3 is a military simulator so having many different stances allows for a more challenging and realistic experience for the player. 

The basic stances for Arma and are as follows:
Z will take you instantly to Prone, and back to your feet again.
X toggles crouch, as is used in many mainstream shooters.
C will toggle the combat mode; 
When on, movement will be slightly slower but your weapon will be raised for fire, even when running (But not sprinting). Excellent when you are expecting contact, or in close quarters.

When turned off, you will run faster but automatically lower your weapon when running. Great for covering distance if you aren't in combat, or don't need to fire.

To fine-tune your stance, the controls are different. This will allow you to adapt to your environment, and make use of cover much more efficiently.

Left Ctrl By holding this, the movement keys (W,A,S,D) will no longer move your character, but instead adjust the stance. W & A will raise and lower your character, while A & D will take a half-step to the left or right, respectively. Learn to use this well, it will save your life.

Left Alt By holding this, the mouse will no longer move your entire body, but instead just your characters head. This allows you to maintain movement in one direction, while being able to observe your surroundings more efficiently  Can be used in vehicles when driving to look out of windows, or make proper use of the mirrors and instruments  The perception this function gives you will also help save your own life and others by spotting dangers otherwise off-screen.

The different available stances


1) Fully Standing.

You can enter this stance by holding Left Ctrl and pressing "W".
The Stance Indicatior is displayed with the silhouette standing upright with the upper arrow indicating higher than default.

2) Combat Stance.

Default firing position. If you are crouching, you can press 'X' to return to Combat stance.

The default firing position, in this stance, you are able to run and aim your weapon simultaneously - by lowering your weapon using "C" you can run faster.


3) Half-Stand.
From the Combat stance, press Ctrl + S to lower.
The Half-stand is only slightly lower than the Combat Stance, it allows lower positioning without reducing run speed.

4) Half-Crouch.

From the Half Stand, press Ctrl + S to lower.

The Half-Crouch is a helpful stance when under fire. Best used when behind waist-height cover, as this stance is only just a little taller it allows the player to minimalize presented target and return fire.

5) Crouch, Weapon Lowered.
Press 'X' (Or Ctrl + S from Half-Crouch) to lower, then double tap Left Ctrl to lower your weapon.

Similarly to Standing with the weapon lowered, this serves exactly the same purpose. You cannot accidentally discharge your weapon by lowering it when not in combat.

6) Crouch, Weapon Raised.
Press 'X' (Or Ctrl + S from Half-Crouch) lower.

If you've played a modern shooter, you're already familiar with the standard crouch. Remember that Arma 3 doesn't allow you to run and fire unless you activate the Combat mode with "C". You can also sprint when crouching in Arma 3, which allows you to navigate a battlefield much more efficiently.

7) Fully Crouching.
Press Ctrl + S from a regular crouch to lower more.
It's extremely low, and makes best use of even the smallest cover, such as rocks, crumbled walls or tires  When moving in this position your character will raise a little.

8) Sitting, Weapon Raised.
Press Ctrl + S to lower from a full crouch, you will automatically sit down.
About as low as the Full Crouch, but when sitting down you sacrifice movement for accuracy. Over long range encounters, sitting down will enhance your accuracy considerably, and you will remain above the grass levels.

9) Prone.
Press 'Z' (Or Ctrl + S from Sitting) to get down on your stomach.
ArmA allows you to sprint when in prone without standing up, and to roll using "Q" and "E". 
Prone is the position you will be rushing to when you hear gunshots.

10) Fully Prone.
Press Ctrl + S from Prone to get your head down.
Full Prone gets your head down. It can keep you alive if you're heavily pinned down.

11) Sit down
By pressing " ' " you can just take a seat anywhere. It's unlikely it'll save your life.



Title: Battlefield 3
Creator: EA Digital Illusions CE

The stances in Battlefield are much more simple compared to Arma 3. They also serve some useful functions. The are 3 stances which the player can toggle between.

ctrl = Crouch
It's a tactical feature which allows you to hide from the enemy behind grass, buildings or vehicles. It's also used to steady your gun. This will make you move slower (unable to sprint).

z = Lie down
Lying down steadies your weapon for longer range engagements. It's often used for sniping or machine guns because of this. You also move slow.

(let go of ctrl) Stand
Good for basic movement as you won't move slowly. Also good for being ready to run if necessary. 

Hold Shift while standing = Run
Running is good for chasing or running to hide from the enemy. Also good for navigating around the map quickly to gain more kills. 

(my own screenshot again.)

Title: The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim

Creator: Bethesda Game Studios

Skyrim is even more basic when it comes to different stances. As there are only 2 (3 including run). Skyrim's uses of the stances are not as complicated either. 

Hold ctrl = Crouch
Crouching in Skyrim allows you to sneak past enemies and dangerious creatures without them noticing. This is also called "sneaking". You must move very slowly otherwise they'll see you. There is an icon which indicates whether you're in the line of the enemies sight or not.

Release ctrl = Stand
Releasing the ctrl button goes back to your standard stance which is stand. Stand allows you to move slowly or jog at a normal pace by pressing the caps lock button. There is no average paced walk in Skyrim.

Hold shift = run
If in a standing stance, holding shift will allow your character to run which is faster than jogging. 

Conclusion:
Stances in games allows the player to interact with the environment and characters differently. Stances influence how fast or slow your character walks/runs, their height in their position and aim. It's used so the game is more tactful and challenging as there are different options for getting around obstacles and enemies in the game. The player must choose the best stance for each situation. Even when simply used in games such as Skyrim the stance is still challenging and an effective technique to use in the game. 



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